The public debt is mainly obtained for the financing of the fiscal deficit.
There are two main sources of borrowing:
- The domestic borrowing is carried out through issuance of government securities (T-Bills, Pakistan Investment Bonds, Sukuk etc.) and National Saving Schemes.
- The external borrowing is mainly obtained from multilateral & bilateral development partners and commercial sources which include bank loans and Eurobonds.
During the Fiscal Year 2020 to Fiscal Year 2024, the total net financing of federal fiscal deficit carried out through domestic sources stood at Rs 24.5 trillion, whereas from external sources was around Rs 3.0 trillion.
The following table describes the details of domestic and external inflows and outflows during FY 2020 to FY 2024:
| Details of Domestic & External Loans Obtained by the Government | |||||
| FY 2020 | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 (P) | |
| Domestic Inflows | Rs 18,990 billion | Rs 18,581 billion | Rs 25,751 billion | Rs 34,516 billion | Rs 33,463 billion |
| External Inflows | Rs 2,224 billion | Rs 2,248 billion | Rs 2,996 billion | Rs 2,404 billion | Rs 2,759 billion |
Total Inflows | Rs 21,214 billion | Rs 20,829 billion | Rs 28,747 billion | Rs 36,920 billion | Rs 36,222 billion |
| Domestic Outflows | Rs 16,560 billion | Rs 15,598 billion | Rs 21,367 billion | Rs 27,160 billion | Rs 26,059 billion |
| External Outflows | Rs 1,362 billion | Rs 940 billion | Rs 1,818 billion | Rs 3,083 billion | Rs 2,438 billion |
Total Outflows | Rs 17,922 billion | Rs 16,538 billion | Rs 23,185 billion | Rs 30,243 billion | Rs 28,497 billion |
| Domestic Netflows | Rs 2,430 billion | Rs 2,983 billion | Rs 4,384 billion | Rs 7,356 billion | Rs 7,404 billion |
| External Netflows | Rs 862 billion | Rs 1,308 billion | Rs 1,178 billion | Rs 679 billion | Rs 321 billion |
Total Netflows | Rs 3,292 billion | Rs 4,291 billion | Rs 5,562 billion | Rs 6,677 billion | Rs 7,725 billion |
Note: The above information/data was shared with the Senate by the Minister for Finance and Revenue Muhammad Aurangzeb.
